Desert plants, like all plants, need 16 elements for normal growth. Three of these elements, carbon, oxygen and hydrogen are found in air and water.
Six other elements are used in large amounts by plants: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium and sulphur.
These, along with carbon, oxygen and hydrogen, are called Macronutrients, and are found in varying levels, in soil. See Nutrients for Desert Plants. See also Micronutrients.